I added a lot of comments and added some functions and gave the plane a collision type to test if it worked.
Just did that! :)
you will notice that it is kind of bouncy but I like it like that. It makes it look more homemade and that is good
Pongo, how is your code? have you changed it recently or gotten 3d meshes to align themselves to you verlet cage? I would like to see how far you have gotten
@Stevie G. and Pongo
You have both been a great help so far thanks for all of the great advice and advising me on how to create a physics engine. I would have given up a long time ago if it wasn't for you
I think it would really help if you would step back a bit and try to get a more simple example working.
Just did that! :)
you will notice that it is kind of bouncy but I like it like that. It makes it look more homemade and that is good
Open in online IDEGraphics3D 640,480,0,2 SeedRnd(MilliSecs()) cam = CreateCamera() MoveEntity cam,0,0,-20 CameraZoom cam,2 CameraFogMode cam,1 CameraFogRange cam,20,100 CameraRange cam,.001,100 ;CameraClsColor cam,100,100,100 ;CameraFogColor cam,100,100,100 piv = CreatePivot() EntityParent cam,piv ;TurnEntity piv,0,180,0 plane = CreatePlane() EntityType plane,2 EntityPickMode plane,0 tex = CreateTexture(256,256) SetBuffer TextureBuffer(tex) Color 255,255,255 Rect 0,0,128,128,1 Rect 128,128,128,128 Color 0,225,0 Rect 0,128,128,128 Rect 128,0,128,128 Color 255,255,255 mir = CreateMirror() MoveEntity mir,0,-4,0 SetBuffer BackBuffer() EntityTexture plane,tex MoveEntity plane,0,-4,0 ScaleTexture tex,10,10 EntityAlpha plane,.5 lit = CreateLight() MoveEntity lit,0,5,0 TurnEntity lit,90,0,0 ;Types Type verlet Field x#,y#,z# Field vx#,vy#,vz# Field ox#,oy#,oz# Field ent,piv Field collided,ID,mass# Field surf,index End Type Type rigidbody Field x#,y#,z#,ent Field yaw#,pitch#,roll# Field v1.verlet,v2.verlet,v3.verlet,v4.verlet,v5.verlet,v6.verlet,v7.verlet,v8.verlet,cpiv Field ID End Type Type constraint Field p1.verlet Field p2.verlet Field ent Field length# End Type Global rigidbodynum = 0 Global cube = CreateCube() EntityAlpha cube,1 Applyphysicscube(cube,10) Collisions 1,2,2,1 ;Global cube2 = CreateCube() ;MoveEntity cube2,0,3,0 ;applyphysicscube(cube2,10) SetBuffer BackBuffer() tim = MilliSecs() While Not KeyDown(1) Cls If KeyDown(200) Then MoveEntity cam,0,0,.1 If KeyDown(208) Then MoveEntity cam,0,0,-.1 If KeyDown(203) Then MoveEntity cam,-.1,0,0 If KeyDown(205) Then MoveEntity cam,.1,0,0 TurnEntity piv,0,1,0 updateverlets() updateconstraints() equalizeverlets() drawstuff() UpdateWorld() RenderWorld() cnt = 0 For v.verlet = Each verlet cnt = cnt + 1 Next Text 1,20,"Verticies: "+cnt Text 1,1,"FPS: "+1000/(MilliSecs()-tim) tim = MilliSecs() Flip Wend WaitKey() End Function Applyphysicscube(ent,mass#,idle = 0,siz# = 5) rigidbodynum = rigidbodynum + 1 alph = 0 ;Creates the Rigidbody that all of the verlets are linked to r.rigidbody = New rigidbody r\id = rigidbodynum r\ent = ent r\x# = EntityX(r\ent) r\y# = EntityY(r\ent) r\z# = EntityZ(r\ent) r\yaw# = EntityYaw(r\ent) r\pitch# = EntityPitch(r\ent) r\roll# = EntityRoll(r\ent) EntityType r\ent,1000-r\ID EntityPickMode r\ent,2 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Loops through all surfaces and verticies For k = 1 To CountSurfaces(ent) surf = GetSurface(ent,k) For index = 0 To CountVertices(surf)-1 CreateVerlet(ent,surf,index,mass#) ;Creates a verlet for every vertice Later it deletes duplicate verlets for the sake of stability. Next Next ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;The following code creates collisions for the rigidbodies and their verlets ;For i = 1 To rigidbodynum ; If i <> rigidbodynum Then ; Collisions rigidbodynum,1000-i,2,1 ; EndIf ;Next ;For i = 1 To rigidbodynum ; If i <> rigidbodynum Then ; Collisions i,1000-rigidbodynum,2,1 ; EndIf ;Next ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;This code makes the bounding box vertices which are used to orient the object when it is given rotational velocity r\v1.verlet = New verlet r\v1\id = rigidbodynum r\v1\x# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v1\y# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v1\z# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v1\ox# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v1\oy# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v1\oz# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v1\ent = r\ent r\v1\mass# = 0 r\v1\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v1\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v1\piv,r\v1\x#,r\v1\y#,r\v1\z# r\v2.verlet = New verlet r\v2\id = rigidbodynum r\v2\x# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v2\y# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v2\z# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v2\ox# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v2\oy# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v2\oz# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v2\ent = r\ent r\v2\mass# = 0 r\v2\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v2\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v2\piv,r\v2\x#,r\v2\y#,r\v2\z# r\v3.verlet = New verlet r\v3\id = rigidbodynum r\v3\x# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v3\y# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v3\z# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v3\ox# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v3\oy# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v3\oz# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v3\ent = r\ent r\v3\mass# = 0 r\v3\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v3\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v3\piv,r\v3\x#,r\v3\y#,r\v3\z# r\v4.verlet = New verlet r\v4\id = rigidbodynum r\v4\x# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v4\y# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v4\z# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v4\ox# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v4\oy# = r\y#-MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v4\oz# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v4\ent = r\ent r\v4\mass# = 0 r\v4\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v4\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v4\piv,r\v4\x#,r\v4\y#,r\v4\z# r\v5.verlet = New verlet r\v5\id = rigidbodynum r\v5\x# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v5\y# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v5\z# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v5\ox# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v5\oy# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v5\oz# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2-.5 r\v5\ent = r\ent r\v5\mass# = 0 r\v5\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v5\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v5\piv,r\v5\x#,r\v5\y#,r\v5\z# r\v6.verlet = New verlet r\v6\id = rigidbodynum r\v6\x# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v6\y# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v6\z# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v6\ox# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v6\oy# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v6\oz# = r\z#+MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v6\ent = r\ent r\v6\mass# = 0 r\v6\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v6\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v6\piv,r\v6\x#,r\v6\y#,r\v6\z# r\v7.verlet = New verlet r\v7\id = rigidbodynum r\v7\x# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v7\y# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v7\z# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v7\ox# = r\x#+MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v7\oy# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v7\oz# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v7\ent = r\ent r\v7\mass# = 0 r\v7\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v7\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v7\piv,r\v7\x#,r\v7\y#,r\v7\z# r\v8.verlet = New verlet r\v8\id = rigidbodynum r\v8\x# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v8\y# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v8\z# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v8\ox# = r\x#-MeshWidth(r\ent)/2 r\v8\oy# = r\y#+MeshHeight(r\ent)/2 r\v8\oz# = r\z#-MeshDepth(r\ent)/2 r\v8\ent = r\ent r\v8\mass# = 0 r\v8\piv = CreatePivot() ;EntityAlpha r\v8\piv,alph PositionEntity r\v8\piv,r\v8\x#,r\v8\y#,r\v8\z# ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; r\cpiv = CreatePivot() PositionEntity r\cpiv,r\x#,r\y#,r\z# ;Deletes Duplicate verlets so that the meshes are more stable For v.verlet = Each verlet For vv.verlet = Each verlet If vv\piv <> v\piv Then If v\x# = vv\x# And v\y# = vv\y# And v\z# = vv\z# And vv\mass <> 0 And v\mass <> 0 Then Delete vv.verlet EndIf EndIf Next Next ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;This code makes constraints which it links every inside verlet to all eight of the outside verlets but no others For v.verlet = Each verlet If v\ID = rigidbodynum Then If idle = 0 Then For vv.verlet = Each verlet If vv\id = rigidbodynum Then If vv\piv <> v\piv If vv\mass# = 0 And v\mass > 0 Then c.constraint = New constraint c\p1.verlet = v.verlet c\p2.verlet = vv.verlet dx# = c\p1\x# - c\p2\x# dy# = c\p1\y# - c\p2\y# dz# = c\p1\z# - c\p2\z# c\length# = Sqr(dx#*dx# + dy#*dy# + dz#*dz#) c\ent = c\p1\ent EndIf EndIf EndIf Next EndIf EndIf Next ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Deletes duplicate or reversed constraints This speeds up the constraint loops very much For c.constraint = Each constraint For cc.constraint = Each constraint If c\p1\piv = cc\p1\piv And c\p2\piv = c\p1\piv Then Delete cc.constraint EndIf Next Next ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; End Function Function updateverlets() For v.verlet = Each verlet v\collided = False v\vx# = (v\x# - v\ox#)*.98 ; Get the velocities of the verlet,...add a bit of decay to simulate friction v\vy# = (v\y# - v\oy#)*.98 v\vz# = (v\z# - v\oz#)*.98 If v\vx# > -.001 And v\vx# < .001 Then If v\vy# > -.001 And v\vy# < .001 Then If v\vz# > -.001 And v\vz# < .001 Then v\vx# = 0 v\vy# = 0 v\vz# = 0 EndIf EndIf EndIf v\ox# = v\x# ; store position in "old" v\oy# = v\y# v\oz# = v\z# ; If v\collided = False Then v\x# = v\x# + v\vx# ;store new postion based on velocity v\y# = v\y# + v\vy# - .007 v\z# = v\z# + v\vz# ; EndIf ; If v\mass > 0 Then ; ;check screen bounds ; If v\y# < -4 ;ground collision ; v\y# = -4 ; v\collided = True ; v\vy# = -v\vy# ; EndIf ; EndIf Next End Function Function drawstuff() ;For v.verlet = Each verlet ;VertexCoords v\surf,v\index,v\x#,v\y#,v\z# ;Next For r.rigidbody = Each rigidbody cnt = 0 avgx# = 0 avgy# = 0 avgz# = 0 For v.verlet = Each verlet If v\ent = r\ent cnt = cnt + 1 avgx# = avgx# + v\x# avgy# = avgy# + v\y# avgz# = avgz# + v\z# PositionEntity v\piv,v\x#,v\y#,v\z# EndIf Next avgx# = avgx#/cnt avgy# = avgy#/cnt avgz# = avgz#/cnt r\x# = avgx# r\y# = avgy# r\z# = avgz# RotateEntity r\ent,0,0,0 PositionEntity r\ent,avgx#,avgy#,avgz# cnt = 0 avgyaw =0 avgpitch = 0 avgroll = 0 ;this computes the orientation of the verticies using stevie g's code Thnx Stevie G!!! ;align mesh to verlet cage x# = EntityX( r\v6\piv ) - EntityX( r\v5\piv ) + EntityX( r\v7\piv ) - EntityX( r\v8\piv ) y# = EntityY( r\v6\piv ) - EntityY( r\v5\piv ) + EntityY( r\v7\piv ) - EntityY( r\v8\piv ) z# = EntityZ( r\v6\piv ) - EntityZ( r\v5\piv ) + EntityZ( r\v7\piv ) - EntityZ( r\v8\piv ) AlignToVector r\ent, x#,y#,z#,1 x# = EntityX( r\v6\piv ) - EntityX( r\v7\piv ) + EntityX( r\v5\piv ) - EntityX( r\v8\piv ) y# = EntityY( r\v6\piv ) - EntityY( r\v7\piv ) + EntityY( r\v5\piv ) - EntityY( r\v8\piv ) z# = EntityZ( r\v6\piv ) - EntityZ( r\v7\piv ) + EntityZ( r\v5\piv ) - EntityZ( r\v8\piv ) AlignToVector r\ent, x#,y#,z#, 3 ; x# = EntityX( r\v4\piv ) - EntityX( r\v1\piv ) ;align to a third vector ; y# = EntityY( r\v4\piv ) - EntityY( r\v1\piv ) ; z# = EntityZ( r\v4\piv ) - EntityZ( r\v1\piv ) ; AlignToVector r\ent, X#,y#,z#, 2 Next UpdateWorld() For v.verlet = Each verlet If v\mass# > 0 Then If EntityX(v\piv) <> v\x# Or EntityY(v\piv) <> v\y# Or EntityZ(v\piv) <> v\z# Then v\collided = True v\x# = EntityX(v\piv) v\y# = EntityY(v\piv) v\z# = EntityZ(v\piv) EndIf EndIf Next End Function ;Updates the constraints and deals a little with collisions Function updateconstraints() For a = 1 To 10 For c.constraint = Each constraint dx#=c\p2\x# - c\p1\x# dy#=c\p2\y# - c\p1\y# dz#=c\p2\z# - c\p1\z# length#=Sqr(dx*dx + dy*dy + dz*dz) ; distance between p1 and p2 If length#<>0 ;avoid divide by 0, then normalize the vector diff# = (length# - c\length#) / length# ; vector length minus constraint length Else diff# = 0 EndIf dx# = dx# * .5 ;find the midpoint dy# = dy# * .5 dz# = dz# * .5 If c\p1\collided = 0 Or a > 8 Then c\p1\x# = c\p1\x# + diff# * dx# c\p1\y# = c\p1\y# + diff# * dy# c\p1\z# = c\p1\z# + diff# * dz# EndIf If c\p2\collided = 0 Or a > 8 Then c\p2\x# = c\p2\x# - diff# * dx# c\p2\y# = c\p2\y# - diff# * dy# c\p2\z# = c\p2\z# - diff# * dz# EndIf Next ;constraints Next ;Positions verlets For v.verlet = Each verlet PositionEntity v\piv,v\x#,v\y#,v\z# Next End Function Function equalizeverlets() ;For c.constraint = Each constraint ; If c\length# = 0 Then ; dx#=c\p2\x# + c\p1\x# ; dy#=c\p2\y# + c\p1\y# ; dz#=c\p2\z# + c\p1\z# ; ; dx# = dx# * .5 ;find the midpoint ;This function, I have found could be useful for other projects but not for this one so I saved the code ; dy# = dy# * .5 ; dz# = dz# * .5 ; ; c\p2\x# = dx# ; c\p2\y# = dy# ; c\p2\z# = dz# ; ; c\p1\x# = dx# ; c\p1\y# = dy# ; c\p1\z# = dz# ; ; EndIf ;Next End Function ;Soon to be code that rotates the verlets of a rigidbody as well as the entity. Function rotatephysicsentity(ent) For r.rigidbody = Each rigidbody If r\ent = ent Then tmppiv = CreatePivot() PositionEntity tmppiv,r\x#,r\y#,r\z# EndIf Next End Function ;Creates a Verlet Duh :) Function CreateVerlet(ent,surf,index,mass#) TFormPoint VertexX(surf,index), VertexY(surf, index),VertexZ(surf, index), ent, 0 v.verlet = New verlet v\piv = CreatePivot() v\x# = TFormedX() v\y# = TFormedY() v\z# = TFormedZ() PositionEntity v\piv,v\x#,v\y#,v\z# v\ox# = v\x# v\oy# = v\y# v\oz# = v\z# v\ent = ent v\surf = surf v\index = index v\collided =0 v\ID = rigidbodynum v\mass# = mass#/(CountSurfaces(ent)*CountVertices(surf)) EntityType v\piv,v\ID EntityRadius v\piv,.1 End Function
Pongo, how is your code? have you changed it recently or gotten 3d meshes to align themselves to you verlet cage? I would like to see how far you have gotten
@Stevie G. and Pongo
You have both been a great help so far thanks for all of the great advice and advising me on how to create a physics engine. I would have given up a long time ago if it wasn't for you