In Mac OS X, the folders actually do --not-- differ in different language versions. It's just Finder that displays the "special" folders in localized language. When you open Terminal, you will find that there are many more directories under "/" than Finder shows and that /Applications always is /Applications, no matter what GUI language you have selected. By the way, Windows Vista is now doing something similar - the real folder names are always in English, but Windows Explorer displays them in localized language.
OS X is multilingual to the core and you can safely always use /Users/.... or /Applications/... in your OS X application and disregard the language section.
OS X is multilingual to the core and you can safely always use /Users/.... or /Applications/... in your OS X application and disregard the language section.